Immunology / Serology

ACE-2 is expressed throughout the body, however, the cell subsets targeted by SARS-CoV-2 is still not completely known. Additionally, researchers are still discovering which factors regulate ACE-2 expression. R&D Systems offers monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies conjugated to a variety of fluorochromes for investigating ACE-2 expression by flow cytometry.

Detection of ACE-2 in the HEK293 Human Cell Line Transfected with Human ACE-2 and eGFP by Flow Cytometry. The HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with (A) human ACE-2 or (B) an irrelevant protein, and eGFP. The cells were then stained with a Mouse Anti-Human AF 647-Conjugated ACE-2 mAb  (FAB9332R). Quadrant markers were set based on AF 647-Conjugated Mouse IgG2A Isotype Control (IC003R, data not shown). Staining was performed using our Staining Membrane-Associated Proteins protocol.

It has been reported that severe and critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 often have elevated inflammatory factors. Similarly, overactivation of the immune system during viral infections can lead to the excessive production of immune cells and inflammatory cytokines, a process commonly referred to as a cytokine storm.

Therefore, analysis of inflammatory factors in severe patients may be used to monitor disease progression, disease trends, evaluate prognosis, and guide therapy. Bio-Techne is the leader in this field. Our R&D Systems® brand antibodies and proteins are the core of every Bio-Techne immunoassay platform. Backed by over 68,000 citations and the expertise behind the gold-standard Quantikine® ELISAs, our immunoassays can be trusted to deliver reliable results the first time and every time.

 Bold : CRS analyte

Luminex toolkit for CRS 

Proteome Profiler™ Antibody Arrays:

Analyze the expression levels of up to 111 cytokines simultaneously, using only standard Western blotting equipment. Save time and discover novel responses with this unbiased approach.

> Arrays for CRS

Quantikine ELISA - Sensitivity and Accuracy:

> Cytokine Release Syndrome Quantikine® ELISAs

ELISpot Kits & FluoroSpot Kits:

> ELISpot kits available

Novus offers rabbit polyclonal antibodies to nsp5 (NBP1-78110) and nsp13 (nbp2-89168) proteins which are validated in several applications (e.g., WB, ICC/IF, ELISA). Novus innovator’s program allows you to test some of these available antibodies for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, through Novus’ 100% guarantee you can test antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 targets sharing 90% or greater homology with proteins in SARS-CoV. 

Development of a Rhesus Macaque Model of COVID-19:

A recent study developed an animal model of SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques and utilized the rabbit polyclonal anti SARS-CoV nucleocapsid antibody [NB100-56576] to successfully detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in infected tissues.

Pathological changes in rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2. SARSCoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen is detected by immunohistochemistry in (g) type I pneumocytes, (j) type I pneumocytes (asterisk) and type II pneumocytes (arrow) as well as alveolar macrophages (arrowheads), (k) mediastinal lymph node, and (l) macrophages and lymphocytes in the lamina propria of the cecum. Magnification 400x. Modified from Figure 4: bioRxiv March 21, 2020 //doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.21.001628

We understand everyone’s research is unique. If you cannot find the immunoassay required for your research, or you need a customised RNAscope probes or you want to use an existing antibody for an untested application. Please contact our team at lifescience@invitro.com.au

Immune cell isolation and culture are necessary for both the basic research of immune cell functions during SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as for expanding specific immune cell populations for therapeutic purposes. Bio-Techne is focused on providing the highest quality reagents for isolating, differentiating, and identifying immune cells.

R&D Systems^® MagCellect^™ Immune Cell Selection Kits

> Learn more about the MagCellect Cell Selection Kits from R&D Systems.

> Learn more about the CellXVivo  and Cloudz kits from R&D Systems.

Since the S protein, ACE-2, and TMPRSS2 have important functions in SARS-CoV-2 replication, it is important to fully understand the role these proteins play in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bio-Techne offers a variety of reagents to investigate the mechanisms of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle.

See the complete list of products we have for researching the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle.

> Download our new Tools to Support Coronavirus Research brochure. 

> View all SARS-CoV/CoV-2 products from Novus Biologicals.

ACE-2 Products

> View all ACE-2 products from R&D Systems.
> View all ACE-2 products from Novus Biologicals.

TMPRSS2 Products

> View all TMPRSS2 products from Novus Biologicals.

This publication cites R&D Systems Ace2 polyclonal antibody as showing the capacity to block Novel Coronavirus virus entry.  

> Read the publication now

> Find out more about the Ace2 polyclonal antibody

Patients with severe COVID -19 infections suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which is induced by the release of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and TNFα among others. RNAscope assays can identify the cells secreting these inflammatory cytokines.

Picture: RNA expression of IL6 gene in Human  tissue using RNAscope^®

Together, we can discover the tools needed to contain the spread of this pathogen.